Beer Wikipedia. Franois Jaques Peasants Enjoying Beer at Pub in Fribourg Switzerland, 1. Beer is the oldest123 and most widely consumed4alcoholic drink in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. Beer is brewed from cereal grains most commonly from maltedbarley, though wheat, maize corn, and rice are also used. During the brewing process, fermentation of the starchsugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent. Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation. Some of humanitys earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours,8 and The Hymn to Ninkasi, a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people. Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. BlogFoto/4208/Varie/Pilsner-Urquell_bottigliabicchiere.jpg' alt='More Games Like Pilsner Urquell' title='More Games Like Pilsner Urquell' />Shop Target for beverages you will love at great low prices. Free shipping on most orders and free sameday pickup in store. Everything You Need to Know About Booking Ferries to the Greek Islands Including Some Things You May Not Want to Know But Should. Greek ferry information for. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4 to 6 alcohol by volume abv, although it may vary between 0. Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling and pub games such as bar billiards. Various legal definitions of beer exist in different countries. Historically, the most famous of these was the Reinheitsgebot, which applied to parts of the Holy Roman Empire and Germany and required beer to be made from only water, hops, and barley. Today in Canada, the Canadian Governments Food and Drug Regulations state that beer must have alcohol content that ranges from 1. Beer in South Korea must have less than 2. ABV, which means that it has to be 2. L of alcohol or less per 1. L of solution and can be considered lite only if it has less than 3. Additionally, beer in South Korea must use only water, hops, and starches wheat, rice, barley, corn, or potato as ingredients in the brewing process. In Singapore, beer must have at minimum 1. C. It is often brewed from a mixture of grains like malt, sugars or its equivalent, and hops or other vegetables. History. Beer is one of the worlds oldest prepared beverages, possibly dating back to the early Neolithic or 9. BCcitation needed, when cereal was first farmed,1. Iraq and ancient Egypt. D_24757.jpg' alt='More Games Like Pilsner Urquell' title='More Games Like Pilsner Urquell' />Archaeologists speculate that beer was instrumental in the formation of civilisations. Approximately 5. 00. Uruk modern day Iraq were paid by their employers in beer. During the building of the Great Pyramids in Giza, Egypt, each worker got a daily ration of four to five litres of beer, which served as both nutrition and refreshment that was crucial to the pyramids construction. The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3. BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as The Hymn to Ninkasi,2. Fill your belly. Day and night make merry to Gilgamesh, recorded in the Epic of Gilgamesh, by the ale wife Siduri may, at least in part, have referred to the consumption of beer. The Ebla tablets, discovered in 1. Ebla, Syria, show that beer was produced in the city in 2. BC. 2. 4 A fermented beverage using rice and fruit was made in China around 7. BC. Unlike sake, mould was not used to saccharify the rice amylolytic fermentation the rice was probably prepared for fermentation by mastication or malting. Almost any substance containing sugar can naturally undergo alcoholic fermentation. It is likely that many cultures, on observing that a sweet liquid could be obtained from a source of starch, independently invented beer. Bread and beer increased prosperity to a level that allowed time for development of other technologies and contributed to the building of civilisations. Xenophon noted that during his travels, Beer was being produced in Armenia. Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3. BC,3. 2 and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, numerous types of plants, spices and other substances such as narcotic herbs. What they did not contain was hops, as that was a later addition, first mentioned in Europe around 8. Carolingian Abbot3. Abbess Hildegard of Bingen. In 1. 51. 6, William IV, Duke of Bavaria, adopted the Reinheitsgebot purity law, perhaps the oldest food quality regulation still in use in the 2. Beer produced before the Industrial Revolution continued to be made and sold on a domestic scale, although by the 7th century AD, beer was also being produced and sold by European monasteries. During the Industrial Revolution, the production of beer moved from artisanal manufacture to industrial manufacture, and domestic manufacture ceased to be significant by the end of the 1. The development of hydrometers and thermometers changed brewing by allowing the brewer more control of the process and greater knowledge of the results. As of 2. 00. 7, the brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. As of 2. 00. 6, more than 1. In 2. 01. 0, Chinas beer consumption hit 4. United States, but only 5 per cent sold were premium draught beers, compared with 5. France and Germany. Brewing. The process of making beer is known as brewing. A dedicated building for the making of beer is called a brewery, though beer can be made in the home and has been for much of its history. A company that makes beer is called either a brewery or a brewing company. Beer made on a domestic scale for non commercial reasons is classified as homebrewing regardless of where it is made, though most homebrewed beer is made in the home. Brewing beer is subject to legislation and taxation in developed countries, which from the late 1. However, the UK government relaxed legislation in 1. Australia in 1. 97. Corrupt Indesign File Recovery more. US in 1. 97. 8, allowing homebrewing to become a popular hobby. The purpose of brewing is to convert the starch source into a sugary liquid called wort and to convert the wort into the alcoholic beverage known as beer in a fermentation process effected by yeast. The first step, where the wort is prepared by mixing the starch source normally malted barley with hot water, is known as mashing. Hot water known as liquor in brewing terms is mixed with crushed malt or malts known as grist in a mash tun. The mashing process takes around 1 to 2 hours,4. The grains are now washed in a process known as sparging. This washing allows the brewer to gather as much of the fermentable liquid from the grains as possible.